Chuck.



J. A. LELAND.

CHUCK.

APPLIGATION FILED NOV. 8, 19 11 1,063,702. Patented June 3, 1913.

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COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH c0.v WASHINGTON. D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN A. LELAND, 0F MONTAGUE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 MILLERS FALLS COMPANY, OF MILLERS FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHU- SETTS.

CHUCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 3,1913.

Application filed November 8, 1911. Serial No. 659,141.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. LELAND, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Montague, in the county of Franklin and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Chucks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to chucks adapted to grasp tool shanks or the ends of a piece of work, and refers particularly to that class of chucks employing a pair of grasping jaws, the acting faces of which are adapted to be held either parallel with each other, or inclined relatively to each other under various adjustments, so that the jaws may be engaged not only with straight tool shanks or work ends, but with tapered shanks of tools of various sizes.

Specifically, the present invention relates to improvements in chucks of the type illustrated in my Patent No. 912,582 granted February 16, 1909, said type employing what have become known as universal or master jaw chucks.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an improvement in this type of chuck, in which the jaws will always project to enable the end of the tool shank or the end of the piece of work to be inserted between the jaws and yet without possibility of the controlling sleeve being accidentally removed forwardly over the ends of the jaws. This structure also enables the tips of the jaws to be made thick and consequently strong. v

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved ball-bearing structure in this type of chuck.

Further objects of the invention are to provide improvements all of which I shall proceed to describe and claim.

Of the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a chuck embodying the present invention, the particular chuck illustrated being especially adapted for use with bit stocks. Fig. 2 is an end view from the right of Fig. 1 the chuck being closed, as shown in both Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation, the jaws being open, only the sleeve being in section. Fig. 4 represents a section on line 1 1 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 represents a sectional elevation through the axis of the implement. Fig.

6 a plan view of the chuck head removed. Flg. 7 is an end view from the right of Fig. b. Fig. 8 is a detail elevation of the chuck jaws removed. Fig. 9 represents a longitud nal section through the thrust sleeve or ring removed. Fig. 10 is an elevation from the right of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a detail inner face view of one of the aws.

Similar reference characters indicate the same or similar parts in all of the views.

The chuck head 12 is provided with a transverse opening 18 (Figs. 6 and 7), the inner end or bottom of said opening having a groove 14: for a purpose presently described. The said head is externally screw threaded, the opening 18 interrupting the continuity of portions of the screw threads as usual in chucks of this character. The arms or forward portions of the chuck head are formed with inclined slots or recesses 15 '(Figs. 3 and 6) which constitute guides ping teeth as described and claimed in my- Patent No. 974,896, granted November 8, 1910, to enable the said jaws to grasp either angular or round bodies. Said jaws have their outer faces inclined as at 17 and have straight outer sides 18 back of the inclined portions 17, the inner end portions of the jaws having shoulders 19 and provided with holes 20 in which are drivenlthe pins 21, the projecting ends of said pins entering the inclined guide slots or recesses 15. The two jaws are connected by a spring 22 which is U-shaped, the transversely extending portion of said spring engaging the groove 14 at the inner end of the opening 13 in the chuck head, said engagement'of the spring with the groove 1 1 serving to steady the spring and retain it in central position. When the jaws are collapsed toward each other-from the position shown in Figs. 3 and 5, the spring which is supported 'asdescribed against the bottom of'the recess or opening 13 would oppose direct inward movement, and hence the slots15 are inclined as described and shown so that as said jaws approach each other they shift out-- wardly so as to compensate for the collapsing of the spring. The projecting ends of said pins also aid in preventing longitudinal movement of the aws within the actuating sleeve presently described.

Surrounding the straight sides 18 of the jaws is a thrust sleeve or cap or ring 23, the inner end of said sleeve bearing against the shoulders 19 of the jaws when the latter are spread to their greatest extent. Said sleeve is formed with an external annular groove 24:, and at its outer end has a thickened rim 25. The outer end of the said ring has an opening 26, the sides of which are parallel, excepting for notches 27 which latter are provided to enable the largest size of angular too-l shank to be inserted. The length of the opening 26 as shown by comparing Figs. 10 and 2 with Fig. 1, is less than the transverse area of the two jaws at their thickest portions. In Fig. 1, the jaws are shown as closed tightly, but the total transverse area thereof is such that the sleeve could not he slipped forwardly over said jaws, because of the smaller size of said opening in the sleeve. This is a special feature of advantage with a ball bearing structure as hereinafter described, because with out it when the parts are being assembled or separated, there would be liability of loss of the balls employed if it were possible for the sleeve 23 to slip outwardly over the jaws. The inner face of the thickened rim 25 is formed with an annular concave groove in which is fitted a case hardened steel bearing ring 28,-balls 29 being placed between said ring 28 which constitutes a ball race and a flat bearing ring preferably of case hardened steel which is carried by the outer end of an actuating sleeve 31. Said sleeve 31 is internally threaded to fit the screw threaded chuck head and is preferably externally milled. j

A screw 32 carried by the actuating sleeve has its inner endprojecting into the annular groove 24 of the thrust sleeve or ring 23 so that when the actuating sleeve 31 retreats to permit the jaws to open, the thrust sleeve or ring will be carried backwardly by it. When the actuating sleeve is moved from the position indicated in Fig. 3, toward the position indicated in Fig. 1, the ends of the opening 26 in the thickened rim 25 of the thrust sleeve ride over the inclined outer faces 17of the jaw and collapse them upon the tool or piece of work. Since the ball bearing is located adjacent the end of the thrust ring which actuates the jaws, the said bearing is in position to most effectively take up the pressure and transmit .it directly through the aws to the tool shank or piece of work and cause the jaws to assume proper longitudinal position according to whether the tool has a straight shank or a more or less tapered shank. As indicated in Figs. 1 and 5, the inner walls of the portion of the chuck head which is divided by the opening 13 is provided with grooves 33 to admit angular portions of a large angular tool shank.

I claim. V

1. A chuck having a head provided with a transverse opening, the portions at the sides of said opening having inclined slots, jaws mounted in said opening and provided with flaring faces at their outer ends and having pins projecting from their inner ends extending into said inclined slots, a spring connecting said jaws, and a longitudinally movable sleeve engaging the flaring ends of the jaws for actuating said jaws.

2. A chuck having a head provided with a transverse opening, the portions of the head at the sides of the opening having inclined slots, a pair of jaws having pins, the ends of which project into said inclined slots, a spring connecting the jaws and hearing against the bottom of said transverse opening, a thrust ring for collapsing the jaws, and means for actuating said ring.

A chuck having jaws provided with inclined outer faces, a thrust ring having an opening through which said jaws pass and provided with a rearwardly facing ball race adjacent its end which actuates the jaws, a sleeve inclosing a portion of said thrust ring, means whereby rotation of the sleeve will cause it to shift longitudinally, and balls interposed between said ball race and the outer end of the sleeve.

at. A chuck having jaws provided with inclined outer faces, a thrust ring having an opening through which said jaws pass and provided with a rearwardly facing ball race adjacent its end which actuates the jaws, said ring having an external annular groove, a sleeve inclo-sing a portion of said ring, means projecting from said sleeve into the annular groove of the thrust ring, and balls interposed between said ball race and the outer end of the sleeve.

5. A chuck having jaws provided with inclined outer faces, a thrust ring having an opening through which said jaws pass, said thrust ring having a thickened rim, said rim having a rearwardly facing annular radially concave ball race, a sleeve inclosing a portion of said thrust ring, balls inserted between the outer end of said sleeve and the raceway of the thrust ring, and means whereby rotation of the sleeve will cause it to shift longitudinally.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN A. L ELAND.

I lVitnesses:

LIZZIE B. STRACIIAN, KAT-Hermit E. NICHOLS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing" the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. 

